Source: Michael Doyle Their Name Liveth For Evermore: The Great War Roll of Honour for Leicestershire and Rutland.
He was the son of Joseph A. Caldwell a woollen glove trade worker, born 28th November 1851 in Hathern, Leicestershire and his wife Ellen Elizabeth Caldwell (nee Swift, married in the 1st quarter of 1885 in the Loughborough, Leicestershire district), born 1857 in Sheffield, Yorkshire. Samuel was born in the 3rd quarter of 1885 in Hathern and was baptised on the 18th November 1885 in the Parish Church, Hathern, he had one sibling, Joseph, born 5th March 1888 in Hathern, in April 1891 the family home was at The Green, Hathern. In March 1901 Samuel was absent from the family home at The Green, Hathern, residing there was his father, a hosiery manufacturer, his mother and siblings Joseph, a schoolboy and Mary Ellen, a schoolgirl, born 1892 in Hathern. In April 1901 Samuel’s mother died in Loughborough, aged 44. In April 1911 Samuel was absent from the family home at Walton cum Kimcote, Leicestershire, residing there was his father, a farm labourer and his step mother Catharine Elizabeth Caldwell (nee Hickman, married in the 1st quarter of 1902 in the Loughborough, Leicestershire district), born 1872 in Walton cum Kimcote. Samuel’s father died in 1924 Loughborough, aged 73.
Samuel’s Army enlistment documents do not survive, all that is known of his military service is that he enlisted into the Household Cavalry and Cavalry of the Line on the 5th January 1901, being allotted the service number 4758, and was posted as a Private to the 9th Queen’s Royal Lancers. It is assumed that Samuel had been transferred to the 1st Class Army Reserve after having completed his first period of Colour service. It is again assumed that upon the outbreak of war he was recalled to the Colours and rejoined the 9th Queen’s Royal Lancers and with this unit he embarked to join the British Expeditionary Force in France disembarking on the 15th August 1914, 45 days later on the 29th September 1914 he was killed in action. Samuel had attained the rank of Sergeant and had also been Mentioned in Despatches. He was awarded the 1914 STAR, British War Medal and Victory Medal.
The War Diary records: 29 Sept-14 – LONGUEVAL. Village of LONGUEVAL shelled when Regiment were in billets. Several shells falling amongst “A” Squadron. 2nd Lieutenant G. E. TAYLOR – WHITEHEAD killed. 17 other ranks killed. 25 other ranks wounded.
On Friday October 16th 1914 The Leicester Journal published the following article under the heading. “SAW HIS BROTHER KILLED.” – Last week we stated that two brothers, Samuel and Joseph Caldwell, Hathern born, were both sergeant’s in the 9th Lancers now at the front. On Saturday their uncle, Mr. F. Swift, received the sad news that Samuel had been killed in action on September 29th. The brother Joseph, in describing the sad event, states that his brother was killed when three yards in front of him, and that 17 more Lancers were killed at that time. The late Sergeant S. Caldwell was only 29 and unmarried.
On Saturday October 17th 1914 The Leicester Chronicle and Leicestershire Mercury published the following article under the heading. “HATHERN SOLDIER KILLED.” – We mentioned last week that Samuel and Joseph Caldwell, of the 9th Lancers, serving at the front, had been engaged in the great battle of Mons, and had fortunately escaped injury. But we regret to say that on Saturday Mr. Fred Swift, uncle of the two soldiers, received a letter stating that Samuel Caldwell was killed in action in France on the 29th September. Sergeant Joseph Caldwell writes that his brother was only three yards in front of him when he met his death. Deceased, who was 29 years of age and unmarried, was a fine looking young fellow, and the news of his death has been received at Hathern, where he was highly respected, with profound regret.

Source: Leicestershire War Memorials Project.
Coalville Times article - Friday October 9th, 1914

War Items

Samuel Caldwell and Joseph Caldwell, nephews of Mr J. A. Swift, hosiery manufacturer, of Hathern, are both sergeants in the 9th Lancers, now at the front. They have written to Hathern stating that they are enjoying themselves but that they now know what war is. Their father, who is alive, served in the Zulu war with the 17th Lancers.

Coalville Times article - Friday November 27th, 1914

Sergt. Joseph Caldwell, of the 9th Lancers, and belonging to Hathern, is reported to be severely wounded in the arm. Caldwell, it will be recalled, saw his brother, Samuel killed in the fighting some weeks ago.

Research undertaken and submitted by Andy Murby 15/09/2017
---------------------------------
Samuel Caldwell lived at 81 Church Street, Burbage.